Free/Open Source Software (FOSS):

Easing your way over...

25 March 2008

Okay, so you want to switch to Linux but you have a life. No time to experiment with arcane problems in a non-standard software environment, and the need to get a lot of work done, without interruption. Here I have several suggestions for you, which may end up with you switching--or more likely, with a dual-boot Windows/GNU-Linux machine were each system is a backup for the other one.

#1. START BY USING FREE SOFTWARE IN WINDOWS (or Mac). I resommend this for three reasons. 1: Learning any software takes time, and the applications take more time than the operating system. So if you get used to using Free software and you like it, then the transition to Linux is a much smaller step. 2: Free software is standard across all three platforms, and you are free to use it on any operating system. So even if you are dealing with compatibility between Macs and Windows machines, using the same sofware on both makes it easier. The following is a table of free software that you can use on any platform. Start with this stuff:


Function

Free software

Comments

Word processing

OpenOffice Writer


Presentations

OpenOffice Presentation


VOIP/Videophone
Skype

Spreadsheet

Gnumeric, OpenOffice Spreadsheet

I prefer Gnumeric.

Email client

ThunderbirdEvolution (Linux only)

I prefer Evolution; both use mbox format, so switch is easy.

Calendar

SunbirdEvolution (Linux only)


Contacts

ThunderbirdEvolution (Linux only)


Web Browser

Firefox


xHTML Webpage Editor

KompoZer

Seamonkey (or its free equiv, Iceape)

Web development requires many tasks that are best done by various applications.

Raster Editor (i.e. jpegs)

GIMP


Vector editor

Inkscape

You can do Arabic text in native unicode, which is not easily available in Illustrator

Planet viewer

Google Earth


Geograhpic Info Systems

QGis, GRASS, PostGIS

These three work together

Bibliographic manager

Zotero



As you can see from this list, most functionality is available in Free software. This list is selective because I am a social scientist who uses graphics and data. You may find that there is specialized software that you must use for work, that is only available on commercial systems, for video, audio, or building design. If so, you will probably always need a copy of Windows installed on your system; and if you need to use that software all the time, you probably should stay in commercial operating systems. But you can still use all the software above.

#2. DOWNLOAD UBUNTU AND INSTALL ON A SEPARATE PARTITION. Just so you know, there are many versions of GNU/Linux out there; at least 12 major distributions (known as distros). I have used several, but as of March 2008 I recommend Ubuntu because of: 1) ease of installation and use; 2) frequency of use. That means that if you run into a problem, you can search for solutions in Google and you are likely to find solutions that are specific to the Ubuntu configuration. Use the Synaptic Package Manager to search for and install all the same programs listed above. That way, the apps will be familiar; only the operating system will be unfamiliar.

#3. START TAKING NOTES. Since Linux is different, there are many little things you will need to learn as you customize and refine your own setup of Ubuntu. In my Documents directory, I create three folders (actually I did something similar when I had to use Windows this last fall):
 - software
 - ubuntu_configure
 - ubuntu_usage
In these I jot down stuff in small text files, often sorted by date. Which video driver should I use under Linux? That file goes into /ubuntu_configure.
How do I take a screenshot? That goes into /ubuntu_usage.


Function Free software Comments
FTP FileZilla
Text editing gedit, Kate, GNU TeXmacs
Useful for small files with minimal formatting
Font (re)design FontForge Only reasonably powerful Free font editor/creator
CD Burner
K3B
Most reliable burner I have ever used.



#4. THE GRASS IS NOT GREENER; JUST A DIFFERENT SHADE OF BROWN. Though I prefer using GNU/Linux, there are some things that do not work well or easily in this environment. I keep a file of things I need to customize on my machine, just in case the problem crops up months later. I have posted some of my configuration adjustments here.